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Course syllabus War’s Silent Legacy: Managing the Remnants of War

Swedish name: Krigets tysta arv: att hantera krigets explosiva lämningar

Course code:
2KR037
Valid from semester:
Spring Term 2026
Education cycle:
Second cycle
Scope:
7.5 credits
Progression:
A1N
Grading scale:
Three-grade scale
Main field of study:
War Studies
Department:
Department of War Studies
Subject:
War Studies
Language of instruction:
The teaching is conducted in English.
Decided by:
Forsknings och utbildningsnämndens kursplaneutskott (KUS)
Decision date:
2025-08-20

Entry requirements

180 credits, of which 90 credits must be in War Studies or another similar subject. In addition, a level of proficiency in the English language, corresponding to English 6/English B or equivalent (for example, IELTS level 6.5 and above) is required.

Course content and structure

This course allows the student to explore the long-term legacies of war by studying how landmines and explosive remnants of war (ERW) continue to shape conflict and post-conflict environments long after the fighting stops. Drawing on interdisciplinary perspectives, the student engages with the legal, humanitarian, military, gendered, and socio-economic dimensions of mine action. Mine action refers to the range of activities aimed at reducing the social, economic, environmental, and security impacts of landmines and explosive remnants of war. It encompasses not only the physical clearance of contaminated land but also efforts to prevent future harm and assist those already affected.

Key themes in the course include the effects of explosive weapons, the role of armed actors and non-governmental organisations (NGOs) in clearance and victim assistance, and the links between mine action and peacebuilding, development, and environmental sustainability. War and conflict leave behind a wide range of legacies, from societal trauma and environmental degradation to socio-economic and technological transformations. While the course centres on areas contaminated by landmines and ERW, its interdisciplinary framework and multidimensional analytical perspective provide the student with a robust theoretical foundation for examining the enduring, often overlooked legacies of war. Landmines and other explosive remnants of war function as empirical and practical entry points through which the student engage broader theoretical debates concerning the afterlives of conflict across landscapes, societies, and individuals. The empirical focus on landmines and ERW facilitates exploration of related issues such as Disarmament, Demobilisation, and Reintegration (DDR) of former combatants; Security Sector Reform (SSR); post-war governance; gender dynamics; and the pursuit of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

The learning activities of the course include seminars and lectures. An individual written assignment aims to develop the student's ability to contrast and apply the concepts and theories introduced in the course. In addition, the written assignment gives the student the opportunity to delve deeper into one of the themes covered in the course.

Type of instruction 


Seminars, lectures

Objectives

Upon completion of the course the student should be able to:

Knowledge and understanding
  • analyse the causes, consequences, and management of landmines and explosive remnants of war in armed conflicts
  • demonstrate comprehensive understanding of the five pillars of mine action and their relevance for peace, security, and development

Competence and skills 
  • problematize the interplay between mine action and broader political, legal, and humanitarian processes in conflict and post-conflict settings
  • indepentently apply relevant concepts on and crtically discuss case evidence of practical and policy-related challenges in mine action and analogous legacies of war, such as collective trauma, infrastructure damage, public health impacts and mass displacement

Judgement and approach
  • critically assess the ethical, strategic, and socio-economic consequences of contaminated areas and clearance of explosive ordnance
  • reflect on mine action’s potential contributions to sustainable peace, development, and human security; and consider how these insights can be transferred to the analysis of other post-war challenges and interventions.

Examination formats

The course is assessed through active and constructive participation in mandatory seminars and a written assignment.

The examiner may decide to request supplementary assignments in order to achieve a passing grade on the course. Supplementary assignments shall be submitted no later than three working days after the result and supplementary assignment for the examination in question have been notified. Examination papers submitted late will not be graded unless special circumstances exist that are acceptable to the examiner.

Grading


The student is graded on a three-point grading scale: Fail (U), Pass (G) and Pass with Distinction (VG). Grading criteria are reported at the latest at the start of the course.

To achieve the grade Pass (G) in the course, active participation in the mandatory seminars and Pass (G) on the written assignment are required. To achieve the grade Pass with Distinction (VG) in the course, active participation in the mandatory seminars and Pass with Distinction (VG) on the written assignment are required.

Restrictions in Number of Examinations


There is no limit on the total number of examination opportunities.

Transitional provisions

When the course is no longer offered or when the course content has changed substantially, the student has the right to be examined once per semester during a three-term period in accordance with this syllabus.

Other regulations

  • The course cannot be included in a degree with another course whose content fully or partially corresponds to the content of this course.
  • If the Swedish Defence University has formally decided that the student is entitled to receive special educational support due to a disability, the examiner may decide on alternative forms of examination for the student.
  • The course director will conduct an evaluation on the completion of the course, which will form the basis for any changes to the course.
Reading list decided date: 2025-11-26
Aguirre, Salomé, Angela Desantis, Sandra Salas-Quijano, Sebastián Tovar Jaramillo, and Liliana Dulca-Amaya. 2023. Gender and Diversity Mainstreaming in Mine Action: Where Are We in Colombia? The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction 27(1) : 50–56.
Anctil Avoine, Priscyll. 2024. Liminal Bodies and Spaces: Farianas’ Gendered Contestations in Northeast Colombia. Geopolitics 29(5): 1659–93.
Arensen, Lisa. 2016. ‘All Newcomers Now’: Narrating Social and Material Aspects of Post-War Resettlement in Northwest Cambodia. Journal of Southeast Asian Studies 47(1): 24–41.
Arensen, Lisa. 2022. Living with Landmines: Inhabiting a War-Altered Landscape. Journal of Material Culture 27(2): 91–106.
Anfinson, Aaron, and Nadia Al-Dayel. 2023. Landmines and Improvised Explosive Devices: The Lingering Terror of the Islamic State. Studies in Conflict & Terrorism 46 (2): 162–82.
Babanina, Iryna, Anna McKean, Anastasiia Splodytel, and Doug Weir. 2025. Assessing Environmental Degradation from Explosive Weapons in Southern Ukraine. Olso: Conflict and Environmental Observatory and Norwegian People’s Aid.

Berhe, Asmeret Asefaw. 2007. The Contribution of Landmines to Land Degradation. Land Degradation & Development 18 (1): 1–15.
Biddle, Stephen D, Julia Klare, Johnathan Wallis, and Ivan Oelrich. 1998. Controlling Anti-personnel Landmines. Contemporary Security Policy 19 (3): 27–71.
Bolton, Matthew Breay. 2010. Implementation in Afghanistan, Bosnia and Sudan. In Foreign Aid and Landmine Clearance: Governance, Politics and Security in Afghanistan, Bosnia and Sudan, 89–116. London, United Kingdom: I. B. Tauris & Company.
Bottomley, Ruth. 2003. Balancing Risk: Village de-Mining in Cambodia. Third World Quarterly 24 (5): 823–37.
Buscemi, Francesco. 2021. Ecologies of ‘Dead’ and ‘Alive’ Landmines in the Borderlands of Myanmar. Italian Political Science Review 52 (Special Issue 2): 217–235.
Bösl, Elsbeth. 2013. ‘An Unbroken Man despite Losing An Arm’: Corporeal Reconstruction and Embodied Difference – Prosthetics in Western Germany after the Second World War (c. 1945–1960)”. In War and the Body, edited by Kevin McSorley. Routledge, 167–80.
Cathcart, Gregory S. 2016. Landmines as a Form of Community Protection in Eastern Myanmar. In Conflict in Myanmar: War, Politics, Religion, edited by Nick Cheesman and Nicholas Farrelly.
ISEAS Publishing.

Chapman, Jean. 2010. A Khmer Veteran Remembers: Herstory and History. Indian Journal of Gender Studies 17(1): 1–24.
DeAngelo, Darcie. 2025. Learning to Love Rats: A Postwar Ecology in a Cambodian Minefield. American Anthropologist.
Dresner, Josephine, and Riccardo Labianco. 2024. Humanitarian Principles and Humanitarian Disarmament: An Operator’s Perspective. International Review of the Red Cross 106 (925): 242–68.
Druelle, Laurie, Henrique Garbino, and Eric Mellado Åhlin. 2022. Mine Action and the Reintegration of Former Combatants: Expanding the Debate. Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction 25 (3): 24–29.
Fazal, Tanisha M, and Margarita Konaev. 2019. Homelands versus Minelands: Why Do Armed Groups Commit to the Laws of War? Journal of Global Security Studies 4 (2): 149–68.
Flude, Gillian. Women, Peace, and Security and Mine Action. Frequently Asked Questions. Mines Action Canada.

Garbino, Henrique. 2023. Rebels against Mines? Legitimacy and Restraint on Landmine Use in the Philippines. Security Studies 32 (3): 505–36.
Garbino, Henrique. 2024. ‘It Wasn’t Because of Human Rights:’ Exploring the Limited Use of Landmines by Colombian Paramilitary Groups. Studies in Conflict & Terrorism, ahead of print.
Gleditsch, Kristian Skrede, Simon Hug, Livia Isabella Schubiger and Julian Wucherpfennig. 2018. International Conventions and Nonstate Actors: Selection, Signaling, and Reputation Effects. Journal of Conflict Resolution 62 (2): 346–80.
Harpviken, Kristian Berg. 2002. Breaking New Ground: Afghanistan’s Response to Landmines and Unexploded Ordnance. Third World Quarterly 23 (5): 931–43.
Harpviken, Kristian Berg, and Bernt A Skåra. 2003. Humanitarian Mine Action and Peace Building: Exploring the Relationship. Third World Quarterly 24 (5): 809–22.
Hedström, Jenny. 2025. Care, Love, and Depletion in Displacement. In Reproducing Revolution: Women’s Labor and the War in Kachinland, Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 29–42.
Hofmann, Ursign, Gianluca Maspoli, Åsa Massleberg, and Pascal Rapillard. 2016. Linking Mine Action and SSR through Human Security. London, United Kingdom: Ubiquity Press.
Ikpe, Eka, and Sarah Njeri. 2025. Mine Clearance, Peacebuilding and Development: Interactions between Sustainable Development Goals and Infrastructure in Angola. Peacebuilding 13 (1): 39–55.
Khamvongsa, Channapha, and Elaine Russell. 2009. Legacies of War: Cluster Bombs in Laos. Critical Asian Studies 41 (2): 281–306.
Khayyat, Munira. 2022. Introduction: War from the South; How to Live (and Die) in an Explosive Landscape; Conclusion: Life as War. In A Landscape of War: Ecologies of Resistance and Survival in South Lebanon by Munira Khayyat, 1–31, 126–155 and 209–214. Oakland:
University of California Press.

Kohama, Shoko, Kazuto Ohtsuki, and Yasutaka Tominaga. 2019. Bombing and Mining in War: Evidence from Cambodia. Journal of Global Security Studies 5 (2): 319–38.
Kulenovic, Neda, Igor Kulenovic and Filomena Sirovica. 2020. The War Damage on Archaeological Heritage after the War: Archaeological Heritage and Landmines. Conservation and
Management of Archaeological Sites 22(1–2): 74–92.
Lin, Erin. 2022. How War Changes Land: Soil Fertility, Unexploded Bombs, and the Underdevelopment of Cambodia. American Journal of Political Science 66(1): 222–37.
Lin, Erin, Christine D. Sprunger and Jyhjong Hwang. 2021. The Farmer’s Battlefield: Traditional Ecological Knowledge and Unexploded Bombs in Cambodia. Agriculture and Human Values
38(3): 827–37.

Merrouce, Ouarda. 2011. The Long Term Educational Cost of War: Evidence from Landmine Contamination in Cambodia. Journal of Development Studies 47 (3): 399-416.
Meyer Djordjevski, Josef. 2025. Forests of Violence: Landmines, Rural Societies, Environments, and the (De)militarization of Former Yugoslav Landscapes, 1991–Present. Southeastern Europe 49(1–2): 48–73.
Millard, Ananda S., Kristian Berg Harpviken, and Kjell Erling Kjellman. 2002. Risk Removed? Steps Towards Building Trust in Humanitarian Mine Action. Disasters 26 (2): 161–74.
Njeri, Sarah. 2022. ‘Examining Mine Action’s “Peaceability” Potential through Everyday Narratives and Practices in Somaliland’. Journal of the British Academy 10 (S1): 109–33.
Ounmany, Kiengkay and Edo Andriesse. 2018. The Legacy of the Vietnam War: Making a Living amid Unexploded Ordnance in Xieng Khouang Province, Northern Laos. Asian Studies Review 42(3): 439–58.
Pardo Pedraza, Diana and Julia Morales Fontanilla. 2023. Explosiveness: Territories of War and Technoscientific Practices in Colombia. The Journal of Latin American and Caribbean Anthropology 28(3): 239–50.
Pardo Pedraza, Diana. 2023. Ethical Disconcertment and the Politics of Troublemaking: Land Mines, Humanitarian Demining, and Ecologies of Trouble in Rural Colombia. American Ethnologist (50): 462-473.
Perilla, Sergio, Mounu Prem, Miguel E. Purroy, and Juan F. Vargas. 2024. How Peace Saves Lives: Evidence from Colombia. World Development 176: 106529.
Prem, Mounu, Miguel E. Purroy and Juan F. Vargas. 2025. Landmines: The Local Effects of Demining. Journal of Public Economics 247: 105399.
Ruiz-Serna, Daniel. 2023. Awakening Forests. In When Forests Run Amok: War and Its Afterlives in Indigenous and Afro-Colombian Territories, 117–151. Duke University Press.
Rutherford, Kenneth R. and Paige Ober. 2021. The Toxic Legacy of War: Landmines and Explosive Remnants of War. In Routledge Handbook of Environmental Security, edited by Richard A.
Matthew, Evgenia Nizkorodov, Crystal Murphy. Routledge.

Santoire, Bénédicte. 2025. New Directions for the Anti-Personnel Mine Ban Convention: Connecting Victim Assistance with the Women, Peace and Security Agenda. UNIDIR.

Simangan, Dahlia and Rebecca Gidley. 2019. Exploring the Link between Mine Action and Transitional Justice in Cambodia. Global Change, Peace & Security 31 (2): 221–43.
Skåra, Bernt A. 2003. Risky Business or Constructive Assistance? Community Engagement in Humanitarian Mine Action. Third World Quarterly 24 (5): 839–53.
Theidon, Kimberly. 2022. Ecologies and Aftermaths. In Legacies of War: Violence, Ecologies, and Kin, 57–84. Duke University Press.
Troxell, John F. 2000. Landmines: Why the Korea Exception Should Be the Rule. Parameters 30 (1): 82–101.
Unruh, Jon D. 2012. The Interaction between Landmine Clearance and Land Rights in Angola: A Volatile Outcome of Non-Integrated Peacebuilding. Habitat International 36(1): 117–25.
Wilson, Alice. 2023. Introduction: Former Revolutionaries, Lasting Legacies; and Kinship, Values, and Networkds. Afterlives of Revolution: Everyday Counterhistories in Southern Oman, 1–36 and 137–168. Stanford University Press.

Zeitoun, Mark, and Michael Talhami. 2016. The Impact of Explosive Weapons on Urban Services: Direct and Reverberating Effects across Space and Time. International Review of the Red Cross 98 (901): 53–70.
Total: 1163 pages.